Contrabando, espionaje y sabotajes: cómo Rusia utiliza una flota fantasma para evadir las sanciones de Occidente
Esta flota tiene otros clientes: ayatolás iraníes, generales venezolanos e incluso empresarios occidentales oportunistas y sin escrúpulos a quienes importa más el beneficio que la amenaza al medio ambiente o la seguridad y, en ocasiones, la propia libertad de las tripulaciones, cada vez más abandonadas en barcos varados en alta mar durante meses o incluso […]
TL;DR
- A secret fleet of oil tankers is used by Russia, Iran, and Venezuela to circumvent sanctions.
- This fleet's activity has increased significantly since Russia's invasion of Ukraine in 2022.
- Russia uses the fleet to fund its "war machine" and conduct "hybrid" operations.
- Up to 80% of Russian oil exports are now carried by tankers lacking recognized insurance.
- These tankers are described as old, inadequately maintained, and unlikely to be sufficiently insured against oil spills.
- Approximately three-quarters of Russia's maritime oil exports depart from Baltic and Black Sea ports, transiting European waters.
- The fleet includes vessels exclusively transporting Russian, Iranian, or Venezuelan oil, as well as those carrying oil from multiple sanctioned countries.
- Major destinations for oil from this fleet are India and China, with smaller buyers including Turkey, Singapore, and the UAE.