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TL;DR

Ecopetrol released additional natural gas volumes between December and May, with more offered for 2026.
The market did not respond because the offer arrived late and under unattractive conditions (interrupted contracts, short terms).
Large consumers had already secured expensive imported gas.
Regulatory uncertainty and lack of clear government signals worsened the situation.
Industries opted for costly alternatives or migrated to other energy sources to avoid production halts.
The result is a fragmented market with high bills and growing dependence on imported gas.
Criticism is directed at Ecopetrol for reacting late and at institutional failures for delaying decisions on reserves and infrastructure.
Recommendations include accelerating regulatory flexibility for competitive contracts, guaranteeing infrastructure, and designing a roadmap for national production, efficient imports, and renewables.

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